Titanium Dioxide And Yellow 5

Titanium dioxide is a white, powdery mineral used as a pigment. Yellow 5, also known as tartrazine, is a synthetic yellow food dye. Both are manufactured for use in food products.

Titanium dioxide is used to make foods appear whiter and more opaque. Yellow 5 provides a bright yellow color. They are often found together in confectionery like chewing gum and mints, as well as in some baked goods and beverages.

Titanium dioxide is an FDA-approved food additive. In 2022, the European Food Safety Authority (EFSA) concluded that titanium dioxide could no longer be considered safe as a food additive. The FDA announced a plan in April 2025 to phase out petroleum-based synthetic dyes, including Yellow 5. JECFA has evaluated both substances. Evidence regarding the health effects of titanium dioxide at typical consumption levels is mixed, and ongoing research continues.