Artificial Food Coloring

Artificial food colorings are synthetic substances, often derived from petroleum, that are added to foods to impart color. They are produced through chemical synthesis.

Manufacturers use artificial food colorings to make foods more visually appealing, to replace colors lost during processing, or to create new and vibrant hues. They are commonly found in a wide range of processed foods, including candies, beverages, baked goods, and dairy products.

Artificial food colorings are approved by the FDA as color additives for use in food. There has been ongoing debate and mixed evidence regarding a possible link between certain artificial colors and hyperactivity in some children. In January 2025, the FDA revoked the approval of Red 3 for use in food, with manufacturers having until January 2027 to comply; this revocation was based on findings of cancer in male rats, though the FDA stated this is not relevant to human risk. In April 2025, the FDA announced a plan to phase out petroleum-based synthetic dyes, including Red 40, Yellow 5, Yellow 6, Blue 1, Blue 2, Green 3, Citrus Red 2, and Orange B. International bodies like JECFA and EFSA have evaluated many artificial colors and established acceptable daily intakes for most.