Blue 1 And Titanium Dioxide

Blue 1 is a synthetic dye made from petroleum. Titanium dioxide is a mineral that is processed into a fine white powder.

Blue 1 is used to create blue and green colors in foods. Titanium dioxide is used to make foods look whiter and brighter, and to prevent them from being see-through. Both are often found in candies and chocolates.

Blue 1 is an FDA-approved color additive, and titanium dioxide is an FDA-permitted food additive. In April 2025, the FDA announced a plan to phase out petroleum-based synthetic dyes, including Blue 1; titanium dioxide is not part of this phase-out. JECFA has evaluated both ingredients and set acceptable daily intakes. Some studies suggest a link between synthetic food dyes like Blue 1 and hyperactivity in children, but evidence is mixed. The European Union banned titanium dioxide as a food additive in 2022 after EFSA concluded it could no longer be considered safe, though the FDA continues to permit its use.