Chocolate Sandwich Cookie Pieces: Sugar

Sugar, also known as sucrose, is a common carbohydrate found naturally in many plants. It is primarily extracted and refined from sugar cane or sugar beets. The process involves crushing the plants to extract their juice, which is then purified, concentrated, and crystallized to produce the sugar granules we commonly use.

Sugar is widely used as a sweetener to enhance the taste of foods and beverages. Beyond sweetness, it also contributes to texture, adds bulk, and helps with browning in baked goods. It is a staple ingredient in desserts, candies, processed foods, and many beverages.

Sugar is Generally Recognized As Safe (GRAS) by the FDA. JECFA has evaluated sugar but did not set a numeric limit (ADI not specified) as it is a primary nutrient. Excessive intake of added sugars is associated with weight gain, dental cavities, and an increased risk of chronic diseases. The 2025-2030 Dietary Guidelines for Americans recommend no amount of added sugars, and at most 10 grams of added sugars per meal. The World Health Organization advises that free sugars should make up less than 10% of total energy intake.