E120

E120, also known as carminic acid or cochineal extract, is a red coloring agent derived from the dried bodies of female cochineal insects. The insects are harvested, dried, and then extracted to produce the vibrant red color.

Manufacturers use E120 to impart a bright red or pink color to a variety of food products. It is commonly found in candies, yogurts, beverages, and processed meats.

In the US, E120 is approved by the FDA as a color additive. While generally recognized as safe at typical consumption levels, some individuals have reported allergic reactions, including asthma and anaphylaxis, though these are considered rare. Regulatory bodies like EFSA have evaluated its safety. Evidence on potential adverse effects at typical intake is mixed, with some studies suggesting a need for further investigation.