Fd%c Blue # 1 And Titanium Dioxide

FD&C Blue #1 is a synthetic food dye, chemically manufactured to produce a bright blue color. Titanium dioxide is a naturally occurring white mineral, processed from titanium ore.

These ingredients are used together to create specific color effects in foods, often to achieve a bright blue or to lighten and opacify a blue shade. They are commonly found in candies, chewing gum, and some baked goods.

FD&C Blue #1 is an FDA-approved color additive. In April 2025, the FDA announced a plan to phase out petroleum-based synthetic dyes, which includes FD&C Blue #1. JECFA has evaluated FD&C Blue #1 and set an acceptable daily intake. Some studies have suggested a link between synthetic food dyes and hyperactivity in children, but evidence is mixed. Titanium dioxide is also an FDA-approved color additive and remains permitted by the FDA. JECFA has evaluated titanium dioxide and set an acceptable daily intake. However, the European Food Safety Authority (EFSA) concluded in 2021 that titanium dioxide could no longer be considered safe as a food additive due to genotoxicity concerns, leading to its ban in the EU in 2022. The FDA continues to consider titanium dioxide safe for use under current conditions.