FD&C Reds 40 And 3

FD&C Red 40 (Allura Red AC) and FD&C Red 3 (Erythrosine) are synthetic color additives. They are manufactured from petroleum-based chemicals and are used to impart a red color to foods and beverages.

These dyes are added to a wide range of processed foods to enhance their visual appeal. They are commonly found in candies, beverages, baked goods, cereals, dairy products, and processed meats.

FD&C Red 40 is an FDA-approved color additive. JECFA has evaluated it and set an acceptable daily intake. Some studies suggest a potential link between FD&C Red 40 and hyperactivity in sensitive children, though the evidence is mixed. FD&C Red 3 was an FDA-approved color additive for food until January 2025, with manufacturers having until January 2027 to comply with its revocation for food use. JECFA has evaluated FD&C Red 3 and set an acceptable daily intake. The FDA's decision to revoke FD&C Red 3 for food use was based on studies linking high doses to thyroid tumors in rats. In April 2025, the FDA announced a plan to phase out petroleum-based synthetic dyes, which includes FD&C Red 40, due to concerns about potential behavioral effects in some children.