For Colors

Artificial colors, also known as synthetic colors or food dyes, are substances created in laboratories to add or restore color to foods. They are typically derived from petroleum and are chemically distinct from colors found naturally in plants or animals.

These colors are added to a wide range of processed foods to enhance visual appeal, ensure color uniformity, and make products more attractive to consumers. They are commonly found in candies, baked goods, beverages, snacks, and some processed fruits and vegetables.

Artificial colors are approved by the FDA as food additives. In April 2025, the FDA announced a plan to phase out petroleum-based synthetic dyes, including Red 40, Yellow 5, Yellow 6, Blue 1, Blue 2, Green 3, Citrus Red 2, and Orange B. The FDA revoked Red 3 for food use in January 2025, with manufacturers having until January 2027 to comply; this revocation was based on the Delaney Clause due to evidence of it causing cancer in male rats, though the FDA stated this finding is not relevant to human risk. Many artificial colors have been evaluated by international bodies like JECFA, which sets acceptable daily intakes. Some studies have suggested a link between artificial food colors and hyperactivity in children, though evidence is mixed and more research is ongoing.