Iron Oxides
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What it is
Iron oxides are inorganic compounds made of iron and oxygen. They occur naturally as minerals like hematite and magnetite, and are also produced synthetically for use in food. They are insoluble in water and are used primarily for their color properties.
Why it's used
Iron oxides are used as food colorants, providing shades of red, yellow, black, and brown. They are often found in confectionery, baked goods, and pet foods. Their insolubility and stability make them a reliable choice for coloring a variety of food products.
Health notes
Iron oxides are generally recognized as safe (GRAS) by the FDA for use as a food colorant. They are not absorbed by the body and are considered inert. The Joint FAO/WHO Expert Committee on Food Additives (JECFA) and the European Food Safety Authority (EFSA) have also evaluated iron oxides and found them to be safe for consumption. There are no significant health controversies associated with their use at typical dietary levels.
Allergen info
Iron oxides are not derived from any of the 9 FDA major allergens. They do not contain gluten.