Mix Packet: Sugar

Sugar, chemically known as sucrose, is a common carbohydrate found in many plants. It is primarily extracted and refined from sugarcane and sugar beets. It is a disaccharide, meaning it is made of two simpler sugars: glucose and fructose.

Manufacturers add sugar mainly for its sweet taste, but it also contributes to the texture, browning, and preservation of foods. It is a key ingredient in baked goods, beverages, candies, desserts, and many processed foods.

Sugar is generally recognized as safe (GRAS) by the FDA. JECFA has evaluated sugar and set an acceptable daily intake. EFSA has also evaluated sugars. While sugar provides energy, high intake of added sugars is associated with an increased risk of dental cavities, weight gain, and certain chronic diseases. The 2025-2030 Dietary Guidelines for Americans recommend no amount of added sugars, and at most 10 grams of added sugars per meal. The World Health Organization (WHO) advises limiting free sugars to less than 10% of total energy intake.