Red 3 And Red 40
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What it is
Red 3 (Erythrosine) and Red 40 (Allura Red AC) are synthetic food dyes chemically produced from petroleum. They are used to add a red color to various food products.
Why it's used
These dyes are added to foods to give them a vibrant red color. They are commonly found in candies, baked goods, beverages, snacks, and processed foods.
Health notes
Red 3 (Erythrosine) and Red 40 (Allura Red AC) have different regulatory statuses and evaluations. The FDA revoked the approval for Red 3 in food in January 2025, citing animal studies, though the FDA stated this is not relevant to human risk; California's Food Safety Act (AB 418) bans Red 3 in food from 2027. Red 40 is an FDA-approved food additive, but in April 2025, the FDA announced a plan to phase out petroleum-based synthetic dyes, including Red 40. Both JECFA and EFSA have evaluated these dyes, and JECFA has set acceptable daily intakes for both. Some studies suggest a link between these artificial colors and hyperactivity in some children, though the evidence is mixed.
Allergen info
Not a major allergen.