Carmine
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What it is
Carmine is a vibrant red pigment derived from cochineal insects (Dactylopius coccus). The insects are dried, crushed, and then processed to extract the carminic acid, which gives the color its distinctive hue. This natural colorant is valued for its stability and bright red shade.
Why it's used
Manufacturers use carmine primarily as a natural red food coloring. It is found in a wide variety of products where a stable, appealing red color is desired, such as candies, baked goods, beverages, and some dairy products. Its ability to withstand heat and light makes it a reliable choice for food coloring.
Health notes
Carmine is approved by the FDA as a color additive. The FDA lists it as exempt from certification and generally recognized as safe (GRAS) when used in accordance with good manufacturing practices. Some individuals have reported allergic reactions, including asthma and anaphylaxis, though these are considered rare. The Joint FAO/WHO Expert Committee on Food Additives (JECFA) has evaluated carmine and established an acceptable daily intake.
Allergen info
Carmine is derived from insects and is not one of the nine FDA major allergens. It does not contain gluten.