FD&C Colors

FD&C Colors are synthetic color additives, meaning they are man-made rather than derived from natural sources. They are certified by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) for use in food, drugs, and cosmetics. These colors are typically produced from petroleum.

Manufacturers add FD&C Colors to make foods more visually appealing or to restore color lost during processing. They are commonly found in a wide range of processed foods, including candies, baked goods, beverages, and snacks.

FD&C Colors are approved by the FDA as food additives. However, the FDA announced in April 2025 a plan to phase out petroleum-based synthetic dyes, including common ones like Red 40, Yellow 5, Yellow 6, Blue 1, Blue 2, and Green 3. Separately, the FDA revoked the use of Red 3 for food in January 2025, with manufacturers having until January 2027 to comply. Some studies have suggested a link between artificial food colors and hyperactivity in some children, though evidence is mixed and not all studies have found a consistent effect. International bodies like JECFA and EFSA have evaluated individual synthetic food dyes and, for most, have established acceptable daily intake levels.