Pepper Flakes

Dried and crushed flakes of various types of chili peppers, such as cayenne, jalapeño, or bell peppers. The peppers are typically dried and then ground or flaked to create the final product. They add a mild to moderate heat and a distinct pepper flavor.

Manufacturers use pepper flakes to add a spicy kick and visual appeal to foods. They are commonly found in pasta sauces, pizza toppings, chili, marinades, and spice blends. Their versatility allows them to be used in both savory and sweet applications, like jams and jellies.

Pepper flakes are generally recognized as safe (GRAS) by the FDA for use as a food ingredient. Capsaicin, the compound that gives chili peppers their heat, has been studied for various health effects, but evidence is mixed and often based on high-dose supplements rather than typical dietary intake. JECFA and EFSA have evaluated capsaicinoids, but no specific ADI is set for pepper flakes themselves. They are not typically associated with adverse health effects at the levels found in food.