Red 40 & 3

Red 40 (Allura Red AC) and Red 3 (Erythrosine) are synthetic color additives. They are petroleum-derived compounds created through chemical synthesis. These dyes are used to impart a red color to various food products.

These dyes are added to foods to enhance or provide a red color, making products more visually appealing. They are commonly found in candies, beverages, baked goods, dairy products, and processed foods like chocolate, cookies, biscuits, and deli salads.

Both Red 40 and Red 3 are FDA-approved food additives, though their regulatory status has changed. FDA revoked the use of Red 3 for food in January 2025, with manufacturers having until January 2027 to comply. In April 2025, FDA announced a plan to phase out petroleum-based synthetic dyes, which includes Red 40. JECFA and EFSA have evaluated both dyes and set an acceptable daily intake. Some studies have suggested a link between synthetic food dyes, including Red 40, and hyperactivity in some children, though evidence on this topic is mixed.