Yellow 5 & Red 40

Yellow 5 (also known as Tartrazine) and Red 40 (also known as Allura Red AC) are synthetic food dyes. They are petroleum-based compounds created through chemical synthesis.

These dyes are added to foods to impart vibrant colors, making products more visually appealing. They are frequently found in candies, pastries, beverages, and other processed foods.

Yellow 5 and Red 40 are synthetic color additives approved by the FDA for use in food. In April 2025, the FDA announced a plan to phase out petroleum-based synthetic dyes, including Red 40 and Yellow 5. JECFA has evaluated both Yellow 5 and Red 40 and set an acceptable daily intake. EFSA has also evaluated these dyes. There is mixed evidence regarding a possible link between synthetic food dyes and hyperactivity in some children; while some studies suggest a link, the FDA has reviewed the available scientific evidence and concluded that there is not enough proof to establish a causal relationship for the general population.