Pepperoni: Pork

Pepperoni is a type of spicy salami made from cured pork and beef seasoned with paprika or other chili pepper. It is typically smoked and air-dried. The curing process involves salt and often includes nitrates or nitrites.

Pepperoni is primarily used as a topping for pizza, adding a spicy, savory flavor and a slightly chewy texture. It is also found in sandwiches, salads, and as a snack on charcuterie boards. Its high fat content helps it crisp up when cooked.

Pepperoni is not a regulated food additive; it is a food product. The US FDA considers cured meats like pepperoni to be safe for consumption. However, processed meats are classified by the World Health Organization (WHO) as Group 1 carcinogens, meaning there is sufficient evidence that they cause cancer in humans, particularly colorectal cancer. This classification is based on extensive research, but the risk is considered small for individuals consuming moderate amounts. JECFA (Joint FAO/WHO Expert Committee on Food Additives) has evaluated nitrates and nitrites, which are often used in curing pepperoni, and has established acceptable daily intakes for these substances.