Red #3 And #40

Red #3 (Erythrosine) and Red #40 (Allura Red AC) are synthetic red color additives. These petroleum-based dyes are created through chemical synthesis to provide a vibrant red hue.

These dyes are added to foods to impart a red color, enhancing visual appeal. They are commonly found in candies, beverages, baked goods, and other processed foods.

The FDA revoked Red #3 for food use in January 2025, with manufacturers having until January 2027 to comply. This was due to the Delaney Clause, as it caused cancer in male rats, though FDA stated this is not relevant to human risk. California also bans Red #3 from 2027. In April 2025, the FDA announced a plan to phase out petroleum-based synthetic dyes, including Red #40. Both dyes have been evaluated by JECFA, which has set acceptable daily intakes. Evidence is mixed regarding a link between synthetic food dyes, including Red #40, and hyperactivity in some children.