Red 3 And Blue 1

Red 3 (Erythrosine) and Blue 1 (Brilliant Blue FCF) are synthetic color additives. They are made through chemical processes, typically derived from petroleum.

These dyes are added to foods to give them vibrant red and blue colors. They are frequently found in candies, popcorn, peanuts, seeds, and energy, protein, and muscle recovery drinks.

Red 3 is an FDA-approved color additive, but its use in food was revoked by the FDA in January 2025, with manufacturers having until January 2027 to comply. This revocation was due to findings of cancer in male rats, as required by the Delaney Clause, though the FDA stated this finding is not relevant to human risk. California's Food Safety Act also bans Red 3 in food from 2027. Blue 1 is an FDA-approved color additive. In April 2025, the FDA announced a plan to phase out petroleum-based synthetic dyes, which includes Blue 1. Both Red 3 and Blue 1 have been evaluated by international bodies like JECFA, which has set an acceptable daily intake for each.