Red Pepper Flakes
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What it is
Red pepper flakes are dried and crushed pieces of various types of red chili peppers, such as cayenne, jalapeño, or paprika. They are a common spice used to add heat and flavor to dishes. The drying and crushing process concentrates their flavor and capsaicin content, the compound responsible for their spiciness.
Why it's used
Red pepper flakes are primarily used as a spice to add heat and a mild fruity flavor to foods. They are frequently found in Italian, Mexican, and other ethnic cuisines, as well as in marinades, rubs, and sauces. Manufacturers use them to enhance the taste profile of products like pasta sauces, pizzas, and spicy snacks.
Health notes
Red pepper flakes are generally recognized as safe (GRAS) by the FDA for use as a food ingredient. Capsaicin, the active compound in chili peppers, is being studied for various potential health effects, though research is ongoing and evidence is mixed. The Joint FAO/WHO Expert Committee on Food Additives (JECFA) has evaluated capsaicinoids, but no specific ADI was set. There are no widespread controversies regarding the use of red pepper flakes at typical dietary levels.
Allergen info
Not a major allergen. Red pepper flakes are derived from peppers, which are not among the FDA's nine major food allergens.