Sodium Benzoate And Potassium Sorbate

Sodium benzoate is the sodium salt of benzoic acid, a compound found naturally in cranberries, prunes, and apples. Potassium sorbate is the potassium salt of sorbic acid, which is naturally present in some fruits, like the berries of the mountain ash tree. Both are typically produced synthetically for use as food additives.

These compounds are widely used as preservatives in food and beverages. They work by stopping the growth of mold, yeast, and certain bacteria, which helps to extend the shelf life of products. They are most effective in acidic foods and are commonly found in soft drinks, fruit juices, salad dressings, pickles, and some dairy products.

In the US, both sodium benzoate and potassium sorbate are approved by the FDA for use as food preservatives. They are generally considered safe when consumed at typical levels. JECFA has evaluated both ingredients and set acceptable daily intakes. A notable concern with sodium benzoate is its ability to react with vitamin C (ascorbic acid) in certain conditions (like heat and light) to form small amounts of benzene, a known carcinogen; the FDA monitors this. While some studies have explored a possible link between food preservatives and hyperactivity in children, the evidence for this connection with sodium benzoate and potassium sorbate specifically is mixed and not conclusive.