Yellow 5 Lake And Citric Acid To Preserve Freshness

Yellow 5 Lake is a synthetic color additive, also known as Tartrazine Lake. It is made by attaching the water-soluble dye Tartrazine (Yellow 5) to an insoluble base, often aluminum hydroxide. Citric acid is a natural acid found in citrus fruits, commonly produced through the fermentation of sugars by a mold.

Yellow 5 Lake is added to foods to give them a yellow color. Citric acid is used to add a sour taste, adjust acidity, and help preserve freshness by acting as an antioxidant synergist and pH regulator. This combination is often found in snacks like popcorn, peanuts, and seeds.

Yellow 5 Lake is an FDA-approved color additive. In April 2025, the FDA announced a plan to phase out petroleum-based synthetic dyes, including Yellow 5. JECFA has evaluated Yellow 5 and set an acceptable daily intake. Some studies have suggested a possible link between Yellow 5 and hyperactivity in some children, especially when combined with other artificial colors, though evidence is mixed and the FDA considers it safe for most people. Citric acid is Generally Recognized As Safe (GRAS) by the FDA. JECFA has evaluated citric acid and did not set a numeric limit, considering it safe at levels used in food.