Beta Carotene

Beta carotene is a naturally occurring pigment that gives many fruits and vegetables their yellow, orange, and red colors. It is a type of carotenoid and is a precursor to vitamin A, meaning the body can convert it into vitamin A. It can be extracted from plants or produced synthetically.

Manufacturers add beta carotene to foods primarily as a coloring agent to impart yellow or orange hues. It is also used as a nutritional additive because the body converts it into vitamin A. It is commonly found in cereals, juices, dairy products, and snack foods.

Beta carotene is approved by the FDA as a color additive and as a nutrient. It is also generally recognized as safe (GRAS) for certain uses. JECFA has evaluated beta carotene and established an acceptable daily intake. EFSA has also evaluated its safety. At typical intake levels, it is considered safe. High intakes, often from supplements, can cause a harmless yellowing of the skin (carotenemia). Some studies have shown mixed evidence regarding high-dose beta carotene supplements and an increased risk of lung cancer in smokers and asbestos workers, which is why health organizations generally advise against high-dose supplements for these groups.