E621 As Flavor Enhancer

Monosodium glutamate (MSG) is the sodium salt of glutamic acid, an amino acid naturally found in many foods. It is produced commercially through the fermentation of carbohydrates like corn starch or sugarcane. MSG is used to enhance the savory (umami) taste of foods.

Manufacturers add MSG to foods to boost their natural savory flavors, creating an umami taste. It is commonly found in processed foods such as seasonings, spice blends, savory snacks, canned soups, and frozen meals.

MSG is generally recognized as safe (GRAS) by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) when consumed at typical levels. Some individuals report experiencing short-term symptoms like headaches or flushing after consuming MSG, though scientific studies have not consistently linked these symptoms to MSG consumption. Both the WHO and FAO's Joint Expert Committee on Food Additives (JECFA) and the European Food Safety Authority (EFSA) have evaluated MSG and established acceptable daily intakes. Evidence for widespread adverse effects at typical consumption levels is mixed.