Electrolytes
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What it is
Electrolytes are minerals that carry an electric charge when dissolved in body fluids like blood. Common electrolytes include sodium, potassium, chloride, calcium, and magnesium. They are naturally found in foods and are also added to some beverages and foods.
Why it's used
Manufacturers add electrolytes to beverages like sports drinks and enhanced waters to help replenish those lost through sweat. They contribute to hydration and can help maintain fluid balance in the body. They are also used in some processed foods for flavor and preservation.
Health notes
Electrolytes are essential for many bodily functions, including nerve and muscle function, hydration, and blood pressure regulation. The FDA considers many electrolyte sources, like sodium and potassium, to be Generally Recognized As Safe (GRAS) when used as intended. While generally safe in typical dietary amounts, excessive intake of certain electrolytes, particularly sodium, is linked to high blood pressure in some individuals. JECFA and EFSA have evaluated various electrolyte compounds.
Allergen info
Electrolytes themselves are not among the FDA's major allergens. However, they can be added to foods that may contain allergens.