Monobasic

Monobasic, also known as phosphoric acid, is a mineral acid. It is produced industrially by reacting phosphate rock with sulfuric acid or by burning phosphorus and then hydrating the resulting phosphorus pentoxide.

Manufacturers add monobasic acid to foods and beverages primarily as an acidity regulator and flavor enhancer. It provides a tart, sharp taste, commonly found in colas and other soft drinks, as well as in baked goods like cakes and cupcakes.

Monobasic acid is generally recognized as safe (GRAS) by the FDA when used as a food additive. It is a common ingredient in many processed foods and beverages. JECFA has evaluated phosphoric acid and its salts, and EFSA has also assessed its safety. Excessive intake of phosphoric acid, particularly from sodas, has been linked in some studies to potential negative effects on bone health, though evidence is mixed and often confounded by other dietary factors. It is not associated with cancer risks.