Natural And Artificial Colors

Natural and artificial colors are substances added to food to give it a specific color. Natural colors are derived from sources like plants, minerals, or insects, while artificial colors are synthetic compounds made in laboratories.

Manufacturers add colors to food to enhance its visual appeal, make it more appetizing, or to identify flavors. They are commonly found in candies, baked goods, beverages, dairy products, and snacks.

The FDA regulates both natural and artificial colors; artificial colors require FDA approval for specific uses, while many natural colors are considered Generally Recognized As Safe (GRAS) or are approved color additives. The FDA revoked the approval for Red 3 for food use in January 2025, with manufacturers having until January 2027 to comply. In April 2025, the FDA announced a plan to phase out petroleum-based synthetic dyes, including Red 40, Yellow 5, Yellow 6, Blue 1, Blue 2, Green 3, Citrus Red 2, and Orange B. Concerns have been raised about artificial colors, particularly their potential link to hyperactivity in some children; while some studies suggest a link, the evidence is mixed, and regulatory bodies like the FDA state that for most children, there is no demonstrated effect. JECFA and EFSA have evaluated many individual color additives and set acceptable daily intakes for them.