B3

Niacin, also known as Vitamin B3, is a water-soluble vitamin essential for human health. It occurs naturally in foods like meat, fish, eggs, and leafy green vegetables. It can also be produced synthetically for use as a food additive.

Niacin is added to foods as a nutrient supplement to fortify products like cereals and bread, helping consumers meet their daily vitamin needs. It is also used as a food additive for other purposes, though fortification is its primary role in packaged foods.

Niacin is recognized as safe and effective by the FDA when used as a nutrient supplement. The FDA has established regulations for its use in fortified foods. International bodies like JECFA and EFSA have also evaluated niacin and set acceptable daily intakes. At typical dietary intake levels, niacin is safe. High doses, often from supplements, can cause side effects like skin flushing.