Bromate

Bromate, typically in the form of potassium bromate, is a chemical compound made from potassium and bromine. It is an oxidizing agent, meaning it can cause other substances to lose electrons.

Manufacturers add bromate to flour as a dough conditioner. It helps strengthen the dough, allowing it to rise more and giving baked goods a finer texture and larger volume. It is often found in breads, buns, and other baked products.

Bromate, specifically potassium bromate, is an FDA-approved food additive for use in flour. However, the FDA expects it to be converted to harmless bromide during baking. The International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) classifies potassium bromate as possibly carcinogenic to humans. JECFA has evaluated potassium bromate and stated it is not appropriate for use as a flour treatment agent, and did not set an acceptable daily intake. California has banned potassium bromate in food products starting in 2027.