Cookies: Enriched Wheat Flour
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What it is
Enriched wheat flour is refined wheat flour that has added B vitamins (thiamin, riboflavin, niacin, folic acid) and iron. The refining process removes the bran and germ, which contain most of the natural nutrients. Enrichment helps restore some of these lost nutrients.
Why it's used
It is a staple ingredient in many baked goods due to its gluten content, which provides structure and elasticity. Manufacturers use it in cookies, cakes, bread, pasta, and crackers.
Health notes
Enriched wheat flour is considered safe by the FDA. The added nutrients, particularly folic acid, are important for public health. Folic acid fortification has been shown to reduce the incidence of neural tube defects. While enriched flour provides some nutrients, whole grain flours offer more fiber and a wider range of vitamins and minerals.
Allergen info
Wheat is one of the FDA's 9 major food allergens. Enriched wheat flour contains gluten, a protein found in wheat that can cause adverse reactions in individuals with celiac disease or non-celiac gluten sensitivity.