Nitrite

Nitrite is a salt compound that occurs naturally in some foods and is also added to processed meats. It is typically produced industrially by combining nitrogen oxides with sodium or potassium carbonate.

Nitrite is primarily used as a preservative in cured meats like hot dogs, bacon, and deli meats. It helps prevent the growth of harmful bacteria, particularly Clostridium botulinum, and contributes to the characteristic pink color and cured flavor of these products.

In the US, nitrites are permitted food additives. When consumed, nitrites can form nitrosamines, some of which are considered potentially carcinogenic. However, regulatory bodies like the FDA and EFSA have evaluated nitrites and found them safe at typical levels of consumption, especially when consumed with foods rich in antioxidants like fruits and vegetables. JECFA has also evaluated nitrites and set an acceptable daily intake. Research on the link between dietary nitrites and cancer is ongoing and has yielded mixed results.