Fennel

Fennel is a plant with a bulb, stalks, and feathery leaves, native to the Mediterranean region but now grown worldwide. Both the seeds and the plant itself have a distinct anise-like flavor. The seeds are often dried for use as a spice, while the bulb and leaves are used as a vegetable.

Fennel, particularly its seeds, is used as a spice to add a warm, slightly sweet, licorice-like flavor to a wide variety of foods. It is commonly found in spice blends, sausages, baked goods, and curries. The bulb can be roasted, grilled, or eaten raw in salads.

Fennel is generally recognized as safe (GRAS) by the FDA when used as a spice or flavoring. It is a source of dietary fiber and certain vitamins and minerals. International bodies like JECFA have evaluated fennel and its extracts. Some studies suggest potential antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties, but more research is needed to confirm these effects at typical dietary intakes.