E621

Monosodium glutamate (MSG) is the sodium salt of glutamic acid, an amino acid that occurs naturally in many foods. It is produced commercially through the fermentation of carbohydrates, such as from corn or sugarcane.

MSG is used as a flavor enhancer to add an umami or savory taste to foods. It is commonly found in processed foods like soups, snacks, seasoning mixes, and savory dishes.

MSG is generally recognized as safe (GRAS) by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) when consumed at typical levels. Some individuals report sensitivity to MSG, experiencing symptoms like headaches or flushing, though scientific studies have not consistently linked these symptoms to MSG consumption at normal dietary amounts. Both the Joint FAO/WHO Expert Committee on Food Additives (JECFA) and the European Food Safety Authority (EFSA) have evaluated MSG, with JECFA establishing an acceptable daily intake.