Raw Milk

Raw milk is milk from cows, goats, sheep, or other animals that has not been pasteurized (heated to kill bacteria). It is sold in its natural state, without any heat treatment to extend its shelf life or kill potential pathogens.

Raw milk is primarily consumed as a beverage. It is also used to make certain types of cheese, particularly artisanal cheeses where its unique flavor profile is desired. Manufacturers use it for its natural taste and texture, which can differ significantly from pasteurized milk.

In the U.S., the sale of raw milk for human consumption is illegal at the federal level, though some states permit it under certain conditions. The FDA strongly advises against consuming raw milk due to the risk of serious foodborne illnesses from harmful bacteria like Listeria, Salmonella, and E. coli. Organizations like the WHO and EFSA have also highlighted the risks associated with unpasteurized dairy products. While some proponents claim health benefits, these are not supported by mainstream scientific consensus or regulatory bodies.